Spinosaurus mirabilis: The 'Hell Heron'

Please enjoy this video examining the recently described Spinosaurus mirabilis, an even more flamboyant species of the great river dragon that was native to Cenomanian Niger. https://www.patreon.com/c/DrPolaris Thumbnail art by Dani Navarro Sources used for this video: Brusatte, Stephen L.; Sereno, Paul C. (December 12, 2007). "A new species of Carcharodontosaurus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian of Niger and a revision of the genus". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (4): 902–916. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[902:ANSOCD]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86202969. Cau, Andrea; Paterna, Alessandro (May 2025). "Beyond the Stromer's Riddle: the impact of lumping and splitting hypotheses on the systematics of the giant predatory dinosaurs from northern Africa". Italian Journal of Geosciences. 144 (2): 162–185. doi:10.3301/IJG.2025.10. Chiarenza, Alfio Alessandro; Cau, Andrea (February 29, 2016). "A large abelisaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Morocco and comments on the Cenomanian theropods from North Africa". PeerJ. 4 e1754. doi:10.7717/peerj.1754. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4782726. PMID 26966675. LeBlanc, Jacques (2022). Stratigraphic Lexicon: The Sedimentary Formations of The Republic of Niger, Africa. Tallin: COLNES PUBLISHING. p. 162. ISBN 978-9916-9760-6-7. Petrizzo, Maria Rose; Amaglio, Giulia; Watkins, David K.; MacLeod, Kenneth G.; Huber, Brian T.; Hasegawa, Takashi; Wolfgring, Erik (19 August 2022). "Biotic and Paleoceanographic Changes Across the Late Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the Southern High Latitudes (IODP Sites U1513 and U1516, SE Indian Ocean)". Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology. 37 (9) e2022PA004474. Bibcode:2022PaPa...37.4474P. doi:10.1029/2022PA004474. PMC 9545577. PMID 36247808. Pierce, Martin A.; Jarvis, Ian; Tocher, Bruce A. (1 September 2009). "The Cenomanian–Turonian boundary event, OAE2 and palaeoenvironmental change in epicontinental seas: New insights from the dinocyst and geochemical records". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 280 (1–2): 207–234. Bibcode:2009PPP...280..207P. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.012. Sereno, Paul C.; Myhrvold, Nathan; Henderson, Donald M.; Fish, Frank E.; Vidal, Daniel; Baumgart, Stephanie L.; Keillor, Tyler M.; Formoso, Kiersten K.; Conroy, Lauren L. (2022). "Spinosaurus is not an aquatic dinosaur". eLife. 11 e80092. doi:10.7554/eLife.80092. PMC 9711522. PMID 36448670. Sereno, Paul C.; Vidal, Daniel; Myhrvold, Nathan P.; Johnson-Ransom, Evan; Ciudad Real, María; Baumgart, Stephanie L.; Sánchez Fontela, Noelia; Green, Todd L.; Saitta, Evan T.; Adamou, Boubé; et al. (February 19, 2026). "Scimitar-crested Spinosaurus species from the Sahara caps stepwise spinosaurid radiation". Science. 391 (6787): 1–10. doi:10.1126/science.adx5486. ISSN 0036-8075.